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Tussock Grasslands MIS
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Table 1: Nutrient budget assumptions by animal type (nutrient contents g kg-1 LWt, g kg-1 greasy wool) and liveweight conversion ratios (carcass weight/liveweight); n.a., not applicable.
|
Animal |
Nutrients |
Liveweight conversion ratio |
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|
Potassium |
Calcium |
Phosphorus |
Sulphur |
Nitrogen |
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|
Sheep |
2 | 13.4 | 6 | 0.8 | 13 | 0.48 |
| Lambs | " | " | " | " | " | 0.45 |
| Wool | 7 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 34 | 150 | n.a. |
| Cattle | 2 | 14 | 8 | 0.8 | 24 | 0.53 |
| Deer | 0.8 | 7 | 8 | 0.8 | 13 | 0.56 |
| Goats | 2 | 13.4 | 6 | 0.8 | 13 | 0.48 |
Table 2: Nutrients in rainfall and estimated mean annual total nutrient gain for whole farm area.
| Nutrients | K | Ca | P | S | N |
| Nutrients in rainfall (kg ha-1) | 0.225 | 5.575 | 0.025 | 1.15 | 0.505 |
| Mean nutrient input over whole farm (kg) | 2346 | 58 137 | 261 | 11 992 | 5266 |
Table 3: Comparison of Kerr & Lefever (1984) data on percentage of farm developed with M&WES 3-year moving average data based on three times the area to which fertiliser is applied.
| Year |
1971/73 |
1976/78 |
1981/82 |
1986/87 |
|
Kerr & Lefever (1984) |
10.2 |
13.4 |
20.35 |
22.2 |
|
3-year moving average |
8.99 (1972) 12.76 (1973) |
15.4 (1978) |
16.13 (1982) |
19.37 (1987) |
Table 4: Type and area (ha) of development on the typical high-country farm. Weighted mean % of farm developed is weighted for regional distribution of farms in surveys.
|
Year |
1971/73 |
1976/78 |
1981/82 |
1986/87 estimate |
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|
Pasture |
Dryland |
158 |
156 |
208 |
||
|
Irrigated |
0 |
24 |
33 |
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|
Lucerne |
Dryland |
36 |
31 |
34 |
||
|
Irrigated |
0 |
4 |
4 |
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|
Tussock grassland |
Overdrilled |
35 |
19 |
22 |
||
|
Oversown/topdressed |
703 |
1021 |
1512 |
|||
|
Crop |
20 |
15 |
22 |
|||
|
Total developed |
952 |
1270 |
1835 |
|||
|
Mean farm area |
11 200 |
11 339 |
10 988 |
|||
|
Mean % of farm developed |
8.50 |
11.20 |
16.70 |
22.2 |
||
|
Weighted mean % of farm developed |
10.2 |
13.4 |
20.35 |
22.2 |
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Table 5: Net average nutrient balance (1969-1996) for developed and undeveloped components of high-country farms with three different stocking rates on the developed country (kg nutrient farm-1 yr-1) (mean farm size approximately 10 000 ha).
|
Nutrient |
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| Developed Stocking rate (su ha-1) |
K |
Ca |
P |
S |
N |
| 3.0 | -74 | 14 616 | 5882 | 4398 | 9456 |
| 3.5 | -160 | 14 448 | 5802 | 4265 | 8417 |
| 4.0 | -238 | 14 296 | 5730 | 4145 | 7751 |
| Undeveloped | |||||
| 3.0 | 1226 | 23 200 | -94 | 1971 | 2097 |
| 3.5 | 1312 | 23 368 | -14 | 2105 | 2836 |
| 4.0 | 1390 | 23 520 | 58 | 2226 | 3502 |